{"id":510,"date":"2022-12-18T21:38:12","date_gmt":"2022-12-18T21:38:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/2022\/12\/18\/helgasta-hlutverk-domstola\/"},"modified":"2022-12-18T21:38:12","modified_gmt":"2022-12-18T21:38:12","slug":"helgasta-hlutverk-domstola","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/2022\/12\/18\/helgasta-hlutverk-domstola\/","title":{"rendered":"Helgasta hlutverk d\u00f3mst\u00f3la"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eitt helsta hlutverk d\u00f3mst\u00f3la er a\u00f0 vernda borgarana fyrir brotum \u00e1 pers\u00f3nulegum r\u00e9ttindum \u00feeirra, hvort sem er af hendi r\u00edkisins e\u00f0a annarra einstaklinga. Til \u00feess a\u00f0 geta kalla\u00f0 r\u00edki okkar r\u00e9ttarr\u00edki \u00fearf \u00feessi vernd a\u00f0 vera raunveruleg og \u00e1vallt til sta\u00f0ar fyrir borgarana \u00feegar \u00e1 \u00feeim er broti\u00f0. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e9r finnst n\u00e1nast \u00f3gnvekjandi a\u00f0 kynnast \u00fev\u00ed hvernig sumir \u00feeirra sem fara me\u00f0 d\u00f3msvaldi\u00f0 \u00ed landinu tj\u00e1 sig um hlutverk og \u00e6skilega starfsh\u00e6tti d\u00f3mst\u00f3la.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deekktum starfandi d\u00f3mara h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi f\u00f3rust til d\u00e6mis svo or\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fatvarpsvi\u00f0tali fyrir nokkrum \u00e1rum a\u00f0 d\u00f3mst\u00f3larnir v\u00e6ru sprottnir upp \u00far samf\u00e9lagi okkar og \u00e6ttu \u00feeir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 endurspegla vi\u00f0horf almennings til m\u00e1lefna l\u00ed\u00f0andi stundar. \u00deetta heyr\u00f0i til starfsskyldna d\u00f3mara vi\u00f0 d\u00f3ms\u00fdsluna.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Annar sag\u00f0i \u00ed vi\u00f0tali fyrr \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri a\u00f0 r\u00edk vi\u00f0leitni v\u00e6ri hj\u00e1 d\u00f3murum, sem s\u00e6tu \u00ed fj\u00f6lskipu\u00f0um d\u00f3mum, a\u00f0 leita samkomulags vi\u00f0 hina um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur m\u00e1lanna. Var helst \u00e1 honum a\u00f0 skilja a\u00f0 samkomulagi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hina gengi framar skilningi hans sj\u00e1lfs \u00e1 beitingu r\u00e9ttarreglna sem lei\u00f0a \u00e6ttu fram ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0una \u00ed \u00feeim m\u00e1lum sem hann \u00e6tti s\u00e6ti \u00ed.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e1\u00f0ir \u00feessir menn hafa oft veri\u00f0 kalla\u00f0ir til setu \u00ed H\u00e6star\u00e9tti og annar \u00feeirra var raunar fastskipa\u00f0ur d\u00f3mari \u00fear um t\u00edma.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deetta eru hvort tveggja me\u00f0 \u00f6llu \u00f3heimil sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 hj\u00e1 \u00feeim sem fara me\u00f0 d\u00f3msvald \u00ed landinu. \u00dear er \u00fea\u00f0 grunnregla a\u00f0 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur m\u00e1lanna skuli a\u00f0eins r\u00e1\u00f0ast af beitingu r\u00e9ttarheimilda. M\u00e6lt er fyrir um \u00feetta \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f3mst\u00f3lar \u00e1 \u00e6\u00f0ri stigum eru fj\u00f6lskipa\u00f0ir \u00fear sem l\u00edklegra \u00feykir en ella a\u00f0 r\u00e9tt ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a f\u00e1ist \u00ed d\u00f3msm\u00e1li\u00f0 ef fleiri en einn h\u00e6fur d\u00f3mari situr \u00ed d\u00f3mi. D\u00f3marana kann a\u00f0 greina \u00e1 um beitingu r\u00e9ttarheimildanna og raunar eru mismunandi sko\u00f0anir \u00e1 henni einatt \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a \u00feess a\u00f0 leita\u00f0 er me\u00f0 m\u00e1l til d\u00f3mst\u00f3lanna. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e1 gert \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni a\u00f0 f\u00e1 leyst \u00far \u00feeim \u00e1greiningi. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e9 \u00e1greiningur til sta\u00f0ar \u00ed fj\u00f6lskipu\u00f0um d\u00f3mi er skylda d\u00f3maranna a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a hann \u00ed \u00feaula til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00f6\u00f0list sj\u00e1lfir skilning \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvar hann liggur. Sumir \u00feeirra kunna jafnvel a\u00f0 skipta um sko\u00f0un eftir a\u00f0 hafa kynnst vi\u00f0horfum hinna.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En standi \u00e1greiningur um beitingu r\u00e9ttarheimilda eftir, \u00feegar d\u00f3mararnir hafa r\u00e6tt m\u00e1li\u00f0, ber hverjum og einum \u00feeirra au\u00f0vita\u00f0 a\u00f0 standa me\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r og fylgja \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u sem hann sj\u00e1lfur telur a\u00f0 lei\u00f0i af r\u00e9ttarheimildunum. \u00de\u00e1 ber \u00feeim, ef \u00feeir eru \u00ed minnihluta, a\u00f0 skila s\u00e9ratkv\u00e6\u00f0um me\u00f0 \u00feeim r\u00f6kstu\u00f0ningi sem \u00feeir hafa fyrir ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u sinni.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 getur heldur aldrei or\u00f0i\u00f0 markmi\u00f0 d\u00f3mara \u00ed fj\u00f6lskipu\u00f0um d\u00f3mi a\u00f0 n\u00e1 samkomulagi vi\u00f0 hina um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0una, eins og margir starfandi d\u00f3marar vir\u00f0ast telja. \u00dea\u00f0 er alvarleg brotal\u00f6m \u00ed vi\u00f0horfum \u00feess d\u00f3mara sem telur \u00feetta. Hann tekur ekki s\u00e6ti \u00ed fj\u00f6lskipu\u00f0um d\u00f3mi til a\u00f0 semja vi\u00f0 hina um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u. H\u00fan \u00e1 a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0ast af beitingu r\u00e9ttarheimilda en ekki samningamakki \u00ed h\u00f3pnum, sem m.a. getur leitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 einn \u00ed h\u00f3pnum sem hefur veri\u00f0 au\u00f0sveipur \u00ed einu m\u00e1li, \u00e1 h\u00f6nk upp \u00ed baki\u00f0 \u00e1 hinum \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed n\u00e6sta.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Svo er l\u00edka heilagt hlutverk d\u00f3mst\u00f3la a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma eftir gildandi l\u00f6gum og \u00f6\u00f0rum r\u00e9ttarheimildum en ekki a\u00f0 l\u00fata \u00e6tlu\u00f0um vilja almennings, eins og sumir d\u00f3marar telja s\u00e9r skylt a\u00f0 gera, sbr. umm\u00e6lin sem nefnd voru a\u00f0 framan. \u00deeim ber einmitt \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti a\u00f0 verja sakara\u00f0ila fyrir m\u00faghyggju og tryggja a\u00f0 ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a m\u00e1la r\u00e1\u00f0ist af r\u00e9ttarheimildum en ekki af henni.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er sannarlega \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 hvetja starfandi d\u00f3mara til a\u00f0 leggja ni\u00f0ur fyrir s\u00e9r hvert hlutverk \u00feeirra er vi\u00f0 d\u00f3ms\u00fdsluna, sem sagt a\u00f0 vernda borgara fyrir misbeitingu r\u00edkisvalds og \u00f3r\u00e9tti af h\u00e1lfu annarra. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 beita sl\u00edkum vi\u00f0horfum \u00ed reynd munu \u00feeir treysta r\u00e9ttar\u00f6ryggi borgara \u00ed landi okkar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00f3n Steinar Gunnlaugsson l\u00f6gma\u00f0ur<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Eitt helsta hlutverk d\u00f3mst\u00f3la er a\u00f0 vernda borgarana fyrir brotum \u00e1 pers\u00f3nulegum r\u00e9ttindum \u00feeirra, hvort sem er af hendi r\u00edkisins e\u00f0a annarra einstaklinga. Til \u00feess a\u00f0 geta kalla\u00f0 r\u00edki okkar r\u00e9ttarr\u00edki \u00fearf \u00feessi vernd a\u00f0 vera raunveruleg og \u00e1vallt til sta\u00f0ar fyrir borgarana \u00feegar \u00e1 \u00feeim er broti\u00f0. M\u00e9r finnst n\u00e1nast \u00f3gnvekjandi a\u00f0 kynnast \u00fev\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=510"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/510\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=510"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}