{"id":487,"date":"2024-06-15T13:10:02","date_gmt":"2024-06-15T13:10:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/2024\/06\/15\/heimildarlaus-valdbeiting\/"},"modified":"2025-05-26T09:34:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T09:34:13","slug":"heimildarlaus-valdbeiting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/2024\/06\/15\/heimildarlaus-valdbeiting\/","title":{"rendered":"Heimildarlaus valdbeiting"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lei\u00f0ari Morgunbla\u00f0sins s.l. f\u00f6studag 14. j\u00fan\u00ed ber fyrirs\u00f6gnina \u201eLoftslag, l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i og \u00f3vinir \u00feess\u201c. \u00dear er fjalla\u00f0 um d\u00f3m Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ls Evr\u00f3pu (MDE) fyrir sk\u00f6mmu \u00fear sem tekin var til greina krafa um a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegur meirihluti svissneskra borgara hef\u00f0i broti\u00f0 mannr\u00e9ttindi \u00e1 borgurum landsins me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera ekki n\u00f3g \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum. \u00cd Sviss v\u00e6ri beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed h\u00e1vegum haft, en \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0sla haf\u00f0i fari\u00f0 \u00fear fram um loftslagsa\u00f0ger\u00f0ir \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021. N\u00fa hef\u00f0u b\u00e1\u00f0ar deildir svissneska \u00feingsins hafna\u00f0 \u00feessum d\u00f3mi, m.a. \u00e1 \u00feeirri forsendu a\u00f0 MDE hef\u00f0i fari\u00f0 \u00fat fyrir valdsvi\u00f0 sitt og vi\u00f0haft \u00f3\u00feolandi afskipti af svissnesku l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1 sem h\u00e9r skrifar tekur kr\u00f6ftuglega undir \u00feessa afst\u00f6\u00f0u Morgunbla\u00f0sins. \u00deessi d\u00f3mst\u00f3ll hefur ekki, frekar en a\u00f0rir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar yfirleitt, vald til a\u00f0 hnekkja \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unum l\u00f6ggjafans \u00ed a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum MDE.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00edtum a\u00f0eins \u00e1 skiptingu valds milli \u00e6\u00f0stu stofnana r\u00edkisvalds \u00e1 \u00cdslandi sem telja m\u00e1 samb\u00e6rilega \u00fev\u00ed sem gildir \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00edkjum \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu. R\u00edkisvaldinu er skipt \u00ed \u00ferj\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e6tti: l\u00f6ggjafarvald, framkv\u00e6mdarvald og d\u00f3msvald. Hver \u00feessara \u00fe\u00e1tta byggir valdheimildir s\u00ednar \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1m r\u00edkjanna, sem \u00ed grunninn kve\u00f0a \u00e1 um l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00fe.e. a\u00f0 handhafar r\u00edkisvaldsins s\u00e6ki vald sitt til almennings (kj\u00f3senda). H\u00e9r \u00e1 landi fer l\u00f6ggjafinn \u00feannig me\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegt vald sem almennir kj\u00f3sendur veita honum \u00ed Al\u00feingiskosningum til afmarka\u00f0s t\u00edma \u00ed senn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Handhafar framkv\u00e6mdarvalds nj\u00f3ta afleidds l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegs umbo\u00f0s til valdheimilda sinna, \u00fear sem \u00feeir ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 sty\u00f0jast vi\u00f0 meiri hluta \u00feingsins . \u00deeir \u00feurfa s\u00ed\u00f0an a\u00f0 byggja valdskotnar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir s\u00ednar \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 sem veitir \u00feeim sl\u00edkar heimildir \u00ed einst\u00f6kum m\u00e1lum me\u00f0 settum l\u00f6gum.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samkv\u00e6mt \u00edslensku stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni fara d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar ekki me\u00f0 neitt samb\u00e6rilegt vald. Upphafs\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 61. gr. hennar segir svo um valdheimildir \u00feeirra: \u201eD\u00f3mendur skulu \u00ed emb\u00e6ttisverkum s\u00ednum fara einungis eftir l\u00f6gunum.\u201c \u00deetta er a\u00f0 s\u00ednu leyti sama sta\u00f0a og gildir um valdheimildir al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legra d\u00f3mst\u00f3la til a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma um r\u00e9ttarst\u00f6\u00f0u borgara \u00ed einst\u00f6kum a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum. Til \u00feess \u00feurfa \u00feeir heimildir sem \u00feurfa a\u00f0 byggja \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnskipulegum innanlandsreglum a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna. Sl\u00edkar reglur veita \u00feessum al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu d\u00f3mst\u00f3lum ekki heimildir til a\u00f0 setja n\u00fdjar lagareglur um r\u00e9ttarst\u00f6\u00f0u borgara a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna. Og \u00fe\u00e1 ekki til a\u00f0 t\u00falka reglur \u00fat fyrir efni lagareglna sem r\u00e9ttlega hafa veri\u00f0 l\u00f6gleiddar me\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegum h\u00e6tti. Sj\u00e1lftaka \u00feessara d\u00f3mst\u00f3la br\u00fdtur svo einnig gegn fullveldi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna sem byggist \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1m \u00feeirra semg f\u00e6star hafa gefi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gagnr\u00fdni Morgunbla\u00f0sins \u00e1 fyrrgreindan d\u00f3m MDE byggist \u00e1 \u00feessum gildu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0um. En hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 um \u00edslenska d\u00f3mst\u00f3la? Mega \u00feeir byggja d\u00f3ma s\u00edna \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0ru en \u00edslenskum l\u00f6gum, sem Al\u00feingi hefur sett? \u00c9g hef \u00ed m\u00f6rg \u00e1r m\u00e6lt fyrir \u00feeim m\u00e1lsta\u00f0 a\u00f0 d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar hafi ekki heimild til sl\u00edks. \u00deeim beri bara a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma eftir l\u00f6gum, en Al\u00feingi setur \u00feau samkv\u00e6mt stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni \u00e1 grundvelli \u00feess l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islega umbo\u00f0s sem \u00feingi\u00f0 hefur og geti\u00f0 var um a\u00f0 framan. Samt er m\u00e1linu svo h\u00e1tta\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00edslenskir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar hafa um langan aldur teki\u00f0 s\u00e9r vald til lagasetningar \u00e1 hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0an h\u00e1tt on MDE ger\u00f0i \u00ed fyrrgreindum d\u00f3mi. D\u00e6mi eru um a\u00f0 \u00edslenskir fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn hafi haldi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed berum or\u00f0um fram a\u00f0 d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar fari me\u00f0 heimildir af \u00feessu tagi. Einn skrifa\u00f0i t.d.: \u201eVi\u00f0urkennt er a\u00f0 d\u00f3msvaldi\u00f0 eigi a\u00f0 vera sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt og \u00fev\u00ed mega d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar aldrei ver\u00f0a amb\u00e1tt l\u00f6ggjafans. En \u00feetta hefur enga merkingu nema d\u00f3msvaldi\u00f0 hafi sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ar valdheimildir nokkurn veginn til jafns vi\u00f0 l\u00f6ggjafann til a\u00f0 m\u00f3ta reglur sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt e\u00f0a a\u00f0 minnsta kosti til a\u00f0halds og m\u00f3tv\u00e6gis.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deessi \u201efr\u00e6\u00f0ikenning\u201c stenst au\u00f0vita\u00f0 enga sko\u00f0un. D\u00f3mst\u00f3lar sem \u201em\u00f3ta reglur sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt\u201c eru me\u00f0 \u00f6llu \u00e1byrg\u00f0arlausir af lagasetningu sinni. H\u00fan er andl\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isleg alveg eins og d\u00f3mur MDE \u00e1 d\u00f6gunum.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00e9g hafi \u00ed b\u00f3kum m\u00ednum \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum nefnt m\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi um svona misnotkun \u00e1 d\u00f3msvaldinu hefur m\u00e9r fundist a\u00f0 almenningur \u00ed landinu hafi l\u00e1ti\u00f0 s\u00e9r f\u00e1tt um finnast. \u00c9g hef ekki fylgst n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega me\u00f0 d\u00f3ms\u00fdslunni s\u00ed\u00f0an en hef sterka tilfinningu fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feetta hafi ekkert lagast. Beini \u00e9g \u00fev\u00ed til starfandi h\u00e6star\u00e9ttarl\u00f6gmanna a\u00f0 nefna til s\u00f6gunnar d\u00f3ma fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum sem s\u00fdna \u00feetta. \u00c9g \u00feekki d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um refsiver\u00f0a h\u00e1ttsemi veri\u00f0 \u201esnyrt til\u201c, svo refsa megi m\u00f6nnum fyrir l\u00f6gbrot til a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3knast \u00feannig almenningi \u00ed landinu. \u00c9g hef sterka tilfinningu fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 svo s\u00e9. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0a er til a\u00f0 hvetja d\u00f3mara til a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta ekki freistast af sl\u00edku h\u00e1tterni. Fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lar hafa \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur ekki, svo m\u00e9r s\u00e9 kunnugt, fjalla\u00f0 um \u00feetta \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 gerist hj\u00e1 d\u00f3mst\u00f3lum h\u00e9r innanlands. Heldur ekki Morgunbla\u00f0i\u00f0, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00e1 vettvangi \u00feess s\u00e9 n\u00fa r\u00e9ttilega fjalla\u00f0 um valdbeitingu erlendra d\u00f3mst\u00f3la eins og nefnt var fyrst \u00ed \u00feessum pistli.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gu\u00f0 blessi \u00cdsland!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0J\u00f3n Steinar Gunnlaugsson l\u00f6gma\u00f0ur<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lei\u00f0ari Morgunbla\u00f0sins s.l. f\u00f6studag 14. j\u00fan\u00ed ber fyrirs\u00f6gnina \u201eLoftslag, l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i og \u00f3vinir \u00feess\u201c. \u00dear er fjalla\u00f0 um d\u00f3m Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3ls Evr\u00f3pu (MDE) fyrir sk\u00f6mmu \u00fear sem tekin var til greina krafa um a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegur meirihluti svissneskra borgara hef\u00f0i broti\u00f0 mannr\u00e9ttindi \u00e1 borgurum landsins me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera ekki n\u00f3g \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum. \u00cd Sviss v\u00e6ri beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=487"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":828,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/487\/revisions\/828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=487"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=487"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}