{"id":473,"date":"2021-07-07T07:33:18","date_gmt":"2021-07-07T07:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/2021\/07\/07\/hjardhegdun-domara\/"},"modified":"2021-07-07T07:33:18","modified_gmt":"2021-07-07T07:33:18","slug":"hjardhegdun-domara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/2021\/07\/07\/hjardhegdun-domara\/","title":{"rendered":"Hjar\u00f0heg\u00f0un d\u00f3mara"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hvers vegna \u00e6tli kve\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 svo \u00e1 \u00ed l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 \u00e1fr\u00fdjunard\u00f3mst\u00f3lar skuli skipa\u00f0ir fleiri en einum d\u00f3mara, sem d\u00e6ma skuli m\u00e1l saman, \u00fdmist \u00fer\u00edr, fimm e\u00f0a sj\u00f6? \u00deetta gildir ekki bara \u00e1 \u00cdslandi heldur einnig \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00f6ndum sem og vi\u00f0 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega d\u00f3mst\u00f3la, eins og Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3l Evr\u00f3pu svo d\u00e6mi s\u00e9 teki\u00f0. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er auglj\u00f3s. \u00dea\u00f0 er tali\u00f0 til \u00feess falli\u00f0 a\u00f0 tryggja r\u00e9tta ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00ed m\u00e1linu a\u00f0 kve\u00f0ja til nokkra vel h\u00e6fa l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga til a\u00f0 leggja d\u00f3m \u00e1 sakarefni \u00feess. Forsendan fyrir \u00feessu er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 hver og einn \u00feeirra leggi sitt \u00e1lit til grundvallar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u sinni. \u00deetta beri \u00feeim \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 gera eftir a\u00f0 hafa bori\u00f0 saman b\u00e6kur s\u00ednar og veri\u00f0 tilb\u00fanir til a\u00f0 skipta um sko\u00f0un ef einhver hinna kemur me\u00f0 \u00farlausn sem telur \u00feeim hughvarf. \u00deessi skipan myndi \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega valda \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 d\u00f3marar skrifu\u00f0u s\u00e9ratkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feegar \u00farlausnin, sem \u00feeir telja r\u00e9tta, er ekki hin sama og \u00farlausn hinna. \u00deetta hlyti a\u00f0 gerast reglulega, \u00fev\u00ed \u00farlausnarefnin eru oft fl\u00f3kin og veruleg \u00e1h\u00f6ld um a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ina vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma um \u00feau og \u00fear me\u00f0 um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0una.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed\u00f0a erlendis er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 einstakir d\u00f3marar skuli grei\u00f0a skriflega atkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed m\u00e1li sem til me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar er hverju sinni. S\u00e9 d\u00f3mari samm\u00e1la \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0 \u00f6llu leyti getur hann einfaldlega v\u00edsa\u00f0 til r\u00f6ksemda annars d\u00f3mara \u00ed h\u00f3pnum eftir a\u00f0 \u00feeir hafa komi\u00f0 s\u00e9r saman um hvor e\u00f0a hver \u00feeirra skuli skrifa hinn efnislega r\u00f6kstu\u00f0ning. \u00deessi a\u00f0fer\u00f0 vi\u00f0 samningu d\u00f3ma er til \u00feess fallin a\u00f0 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 pers\u00f3nulegri \u00e1byrg\u00f0 einstakra d\u00f3mara \u00ed h\u00f3pnum \u00e1 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u sinni.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Allir \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 vita a\u00f0 \u00ed nokkurra manna h\u00f3pi l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a allt\u00edtt a\u00f0 upp komi \u00e1greiningur um \u00feau l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu \u00farlausnarefni sem fengist er vi\u00f0. \u00deetta ver\u00f0ur auglj\u00f3st \u00feegar athuga\u00f0ar eru uppl\u00fdsingar um sl\u00edkt vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lskipa\u00f0a erlenda d\u00f3mst\u00f3la. \u00dear er v\u00ed\u00f0a regla fremur en undantekning a\u00f0 sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 s\u00e9u a\u00f0 einhverju leyti mismunandi. Sl\u00edkur \u00e1greiningur er e\u00f0lilegur og telst raunar \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegur fylgifiskur \u00feess a\u00f0 skipa marga jafnsetta d\u00f3mara \u00ed d\u00f3m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c6tli \u00feetta s\u00e9 s\u00e1 h\u00e1ttur sem vi\u00f0 er haf\u00f0ur h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi? Nei, ekki aldeilis. El\u00edta d\u00f3maranna liggur meira segja ekkert \u00e1 \u00feeirri sko\u00f0un sinni a\u00f0 \u00e6skilegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 br\u00e6\u00f0a saman sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0in og for\u00f0ast s\u00e9ratkv\u00e6\u00f0i. N\u00fa er or\u00f0i\u00f0 afar f\u00e1t\u00edtt a\u00f0 s\u00e9ratkv\u00e6\u00f0um s\u00e9 skila\u00f0 og \u00fearf ekki a\u00f0 fara nema nokkur \u00e1r aftur \u00ed t\u00edmann til a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 mun sk\u00e1rra \u00e1stand a\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti \u00ed H\u00e6star\u00e9tti. \u00deegar \u00e9g \u00e1tti s\u00e6ti \u00ed r\u00e9ttinum taldi \u00e9g \u00fea\u00f0 skyldu m\u00edna a\u00f0 standa me\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfum m\u00e9r vi\u00f0 \u00farlausn m\u00e1lanna og bygg\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1 \u00feeirri auglj\u00f3su forsendu a\u00f0 r\u00e9tt ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a \u00ed l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum \u00e1greiningi v\u00e6ri a\u00f0eins ein en ekki margar sem d\u00f3mari g\u00e6ti vali\u00f0 \u00far. \u00deetta ger\u00f0u l\u00edka einstakir a\u00f0rir d\u00f3marar og nefni \u00e9g \u00fe\u00e1 til s\u00f6gunnar Hj\u00f6rd\u00edsi H\u00e1konard\u00f3ttur, \u00d3laf B\u00f6rk \u00feorvaldsson og Vi\u00f0ar M\u00e1 Matth\u00edasson.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 og n\u00fa hefur meginreglan veri\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 br\u00e6\u00f0a saman sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0in, e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 einfaldlega a\u00f0 fylgja \u00ed blindni einhverjum hinna sem skrifar atkv\u00e6\u00f0i. H\u00e1tturinn sem \u00fearna er r\u00edkjandi felur \u00ed s\u00e9r eina tegund \u00feeirrar hj\u00e1r\u00f0heg\u00f0unar sem n\u00fa tr\u00f6llr\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagi okkar og setur mark sitt \u00e1 \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir og afst\u00f6\u00f0u manna. Vir\u00f0ist vi\u00f0horf margra d\u00f3mara felast \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feeir telji sig hafa veri\u00f0 skipa\u00f0a \u00ed d\u00f3m til a\u00f0 semja vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga um hina r\u00e9ttu ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 finna hina r\u00e9ttu l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u. \u00dar \u00feessu hefur oft or\u00f0i\u00f0 hrein afb\u00f6kun, \u00fear sem eitt rekur sig \u00ed annars horn og engin lei\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 skilja um hva\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi d\u00f3mur er ford\u00e6mi. Nefndi \u00e9g sl\u00e1andi d\u00e6mi um \u00feetta \u00ed b\u00f3k minni \u201eVeikbur\u00f0a H\u00e6stir\u00e9ttur\u201c, sem kom \u00fat \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2013, sj\u00e1 bls. 54-78. D\u00e6min s\u00fdna vel f\u00e1r\u00e1nleikann \u00ed \u00feessari a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i samninganna. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ekki deili \u00e9g vi\u00f0 nokkurn mann um a\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 \u00e1greiningur, sem upp kemur vi\u00f0 samningu d\u00f3ma, s\u00e9 krufinn til mergjar og reynt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast sameiginlega hina r\u00e9ttu l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u, \u00feannig a\u00f0 allir d\u00f3mararnir geti sameinast um forsendur og ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u m\u00e1ls. Standi hins vegar eftir \u00e1greiningur um r\u00f6ksemdir e\u00f0a ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 sl\u00edkri krufningu lokinni er \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00ednum d\u00f3mi skylda d\u00f3mara a\u00f0 fylgja sinni bestu samvisku og grei\u00f0a s\u00e9ratkv\u00e6\u00f0i en ekki a\u00f0 v\u00edkja sko\u00f0un sinni til hli\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu einingarinnar. Ein af meginforsendum \u00feess a\u00f0 skipa marga d\u00f3mara \u00ed \u00e6\u00f0sta d\u00f3mst\u00f3l \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 vera a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 mismunandi lagaleg sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 hinna h\u00e6fustu l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga s\u00e9u \u00fear til sta\u00f0ar. D\u00f3marar eru ekki skipa\u00f0ir til emb\u00e6tta \u00ed sl\u00edkum d\u00f3mst\u00f3l til a\u00f0 taka samst\u00f6\u00f0una s\u00edn \u00ed milli fram yfir bestu einstaklingsbundna vitund um l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ileg \u00farlausnarefni. Breyting \u00e1 reglum um samningu d\u00f3ma \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1tt sem \u00e9g hef raki\u00f0 \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera til \u00feess fallin a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta mj\u00f6g starfsemi \u00e6\u00f0ri d\u00f3mst\u00f3lanna, hvort sem um Landsr\u00e9tt e\u00f0a H\u00e6star\u00e9tt r\u00e6\u00f0ir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00f3n Steinar Gunnlaugsson, fyrrverandi d\u00f3mari vi\u00f0 H\u00e6star\u00e9tt<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hvers vegna \u00e6tli kve\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 svo \u00e1 \u00ed l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 \u00e1fr\u00fdjunard\u00f3mst\u00f3lar skuli skipa\u00f0ir fleiri en einum d\u00f3mara, sem d\u00e6ma skuli m\u00e1l saman, \u00fdmist \u00fer\u00edr, fimm e\u00f0a sj\u00f6? \u00deetta gildir ekki bara \u00e1 \u00cdslandi heldur einnig \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00f6ndum sem og vi\u00f0 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega d\u00f3mst\u00f3la, eins og Mannr\u00e9ttindad\u00f3mst\u00f3l Evr\u00f3pu svo d\u00e6mi s\u00e9 teki\u00f0. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er auglj\u00f3s. \u00dea\u00f0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=473"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}