\u00c1 \u00e1rinu 1987 kom \u00fat fyrsta b\u00f3k m\u00edn um framkv\u00e6md d\u00f3mst\u00f3la \u00e1 mannr\u00e9ttinda\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar. \u00cd b\u00f3kinni var sagt fr\u00e1 6 d\u00f3mum H\u00e6star\u00e9ttar, sem kve\u00f0nir h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 upp \u00e1 \u00e1runum 1983-1986, og \u00e1ttu \u00fea\u00f0 sameiginlegt a\u00f0 hafna\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 m\u00e1lflutningi um beitingu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00far mannr\u00e9ttindakafla stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00f6ll m\u00e1lefnaleg r\u00f6k hef\u00f0u m\u00e6lt me\u00f0 \u00feeim. Haf\u00f0i \u00e9g sj\u00e1lfur flutt flest \u00feessara m\u00e1la fyrir r\u00e9ttinum og teflt fram m\u00e1ls\u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um um \u00feetta \u00e1n \u00e1rangurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c9g held \u00e9g megi segja a\u00f0 margir \u00cdslendingar hafi fur\u00f0a\u00f0 sig \u00e1 \u00feessum ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um H\u00e6star\u00e9ttar svo auglj\u00f3s hafi m\u00e1lflutningurinn veri\u00f0. Svo var a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 sem m\u00f6rgum landsm\u00f6nnum misl\u00edka\u00f0i \u00feetta og br\u00fdnt tilefni v\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 b\u00f3kinni me\u00f0 endurb\u00f3tum \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed mannr\u00e9ttindakafla stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar og raunar \u00e1 allm\u00f6rgum \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um kaflans sem \u00fe\u00f6rfnu\u00f0ust auglj\u00f3sra endurb\u00f3ta. Var\u00f0 b\u00f3kin tilefni \u00feess a\u00f0 flutt var \u00e1 Al\u00feingi frumvarp um n\u00fdjan og breyttan kafla stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r um \u00feessi efni. \u00de\u00f3tti m\u00e9r v\u00e6nt um \u00feennan \u00e1rangur af efni b\u00f3kar minnar, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00fear hafi sj\u00e1lfsagt m\u00e1tt gera sumt betur. Svo f\u00f3r samt a\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1995 sam\u00feykkti al\u00feingi n\u00fdjan kafla \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1na um mannr\u00e9ttindi (l\u00f6g nr. 97\/1995). \u00dear voru m.a. tekin upp n\u00fd \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um atri\u00f0i sem \u00e9g haf\u00f0i gert a\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0uefni \u00ed b\u00f3k minni en ekki h\u00f6f\u00f0u hloti\u00f0 n\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir r\u00e9ttinum. Er enginn vafi \u00e1 a\u00f0 b\u00f3k m\u00edn haf\u00f0i afgerandi \u00e1hrif vi\u00f0 \u00feessar r\u00e9ttarb\u00e6tur, enda voru \u00fear m.a. tekin upp \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i sem ekki haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 finna \u00e1\u00f0ur \u00ed skr\u00e1nni. Sem d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 nefna r\u00e9tt manna til a\u00f0 hafna a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 f\u00e9l\u00f6gum sem l\u00e9tu stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l til s\u00edn taka og \u00f6nnur sem kr\u00f6f\u00f0ust jafnr\u00e9ttis manna fyrir eignasker\u00f0ingum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00cd b\u00f3k minni \u201eDeilt \u00e1 d\u00f3marana\u201c var, eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur sag\u00f0i, fjalla\u00f0 um sex d\u00f3msm\u00e1l \u00fear sem hafna\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 m\u00e1lflutningi um mannr\u00e9ttindi. H\u00e9r fer \u00e1 eftir stutt fr\u00e1s\u00f6gn af efni \u00feeirra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TVEIR D\u00d3MAR UM TJ\u00c1NINGARFRELSI<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Frj\u00e1lst \u00fatvarp<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00cd okt\u00f3ber 1984 st\u00f3\u00f0 yfir verkfall b\u00f3kager\u00f0armanna sem og verkfall opinberra starfsmanna. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta lag\u00f0ist \u00f6ll fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lun ni\u00f0ur. Engin bl\u00f6\u00f0 komu \u00fat og ekkert var \u00fatvarpa\u00f0, \u00fear sem r\u00edki\u00f0 haf\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma einkar\u00e9tt \u00e1 \u00fatvarpi og sj\u00f3nvarpi. \u00der\u00edr ungir menn (Kjartan Gunnarsson, Eir\u00edkur Ing\u00f3lfsson og Hannes H\u00f3lmsteinn Gissurarson) t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 reka litla \u00fatvarpsst\u00f6\u00f0 \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk, a\u00f0allega \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni a\u00f0 segja fr\u00e9ttir. L\u00f6greglan st\u00f6\u00f0va\u00f0i \u00fatsendingar \u00feessarar st\u00f6\u00f0var og s\u00ed\u00f0ar voru fyrirsvarsmenn hennar \u00e1k\u00e6r\u00f0ir fyrir a\u00f0 hafa broti\u00f0 gegn l\u00f6gm\u00e6ltum einkar\u00e9tti r\u00edkisins til \u00fatvarps. \u00deeir v\u00edsu\u00f0u til meginreglu um tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi, sem \u00feeir t\u00f6ldu a\u00f0 \u00e6tti ekki bara a\u00f0 gilda um tj\u00e1ningu \u00e1 prenti, eins og stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1in kva\u00f0 \u00e1 um, heldur einnig um a\u00f0ra tj\u00e1ningarh\u00e6tti, svo sem \u00fatvarp. Einnig bygg\u00f0u \u00feeir \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 einkar\u00e9ttur r\u00edkisins til \u00fatvarps hlyti a\u00f0 byggjast \u00e1 \u00feeirri forsendu a\u00f0 \u00fatvarpa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri og loks \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ney\u00f0ar\u00e1stand hef\u00f0i r\u00edkt \u00ed landinu \u00e1 svi\u00f0i fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lunar \u00feessa \u00e1takamiklu okt\u00f3berdaga, \u00feegar loka\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 fyrir alla fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lun. H\u00e6stir\u00e9ttur hafna\u00f0i v\u00f6rnum \u00feeirra og sakfelldi \u00fe\u00e1. \u00cd framhaldinu voru ger\u00f0ar breytingar \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1, \u00feannig a\u00f0 tj\u00e1ningarfrelsi var ekki lengur bundi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 prent. A\u00f0 auki var einkar\u00e9ttur r\u00edkisins til \u00fatvarps afnuminn sk\u00f6mmu eftir \u00feessa atbur\u00f0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Spegillinn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ma\u00f0ur (\u00dalfar \u00deorm\u00f3\u00f0sson) gaf \u00fat t\u00edmariti\u00f0 Spegilinn. \u00cd lok ma\u00ed 1983 h\u00f3f hann dreifingu \u00e1 bla\u00f0i, sem r\u00edkissaks\u00f3knari taldi a\u00f0 innih\u00e9ldi kl\u00e1m og gu\u00f0last, svo a\u00f0 \u00ed b\u00e1ga f\u00e6ri vi\u00f0 almenn hegningarl\u00f6g. Hluta\u00f0ist hann til um a\u00f0 l\u00f6gregla leg\u00f0i hald \u00e1 \u00f6ll tilt\u00e6k eint\u00f6k af bla\u00f0inu sem haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 komi\u00f0 \u00e1 dreifingarsta\u00f0i. Hann leita\u00f0i ekki d\u00f3ms\u00farskur\u00f0ar, \u00e1\u00f0ur en r\u00e1\u00f0ist var \u00ed \u00feessa a\u00f0ger\u00f0. H\u00e6stir\u00e9ttur taldi \u00feetta standast, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1in vernda\u00f0i r\u00e9tt manna til a\u00f0 tj\u00e1 hugsanir s\u00ednar \u00e1 prenti, sem menn yr\u00f0u \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00e1byrgjast fyrir d\u00f3mi, og \u00fear v\u00e6ri ritsko\u00f0un (fyrirfram t\u00e1lmun \u00e1 tj\u00e1ningu) alveg s\u00e9rstaklega b\u00f6nnu\u00f0. Fyrir \u00feessu voru ekki f\u00e6r\u00f0 nein framb\u00e6rileg r\u00f6k. Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an benti til alveg \u00f3tr\u00falegrar treg\u00f0u til a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma m\u00f6nnum \u00feau r\u00e9ttindi, sem stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1in virtist kl\u00e1rlega vernda. Teki\u00f0 skal fram a\u00f0 \u00e9g anna\u00f0ist ekki flutning \u00feessa m\u00e1ls, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00e9g ger\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0uefni \u00ed b\u00f3k minni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TVEIR D\u00d3MAR UM SKATTLAGNINGU<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kjarnf\u00f3\u00f0urgjald<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum vori\u00f0 1983var heimila\u00f0 a\u00f0 leggja allt a\u00f0 200% (!) skatt \u00e1 innflutt kjarnf\u00f3\u00f0ur. \u00cd l\u00f6gunum voru sett mj\u00f6g matskennd og teygjanleg skilyr\u00f0i fyrir heimildinni til a\u00f0 leggja skattinn \u00e1. \u00cd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni var a\u00f0 finna sk\u00fdr fyrirm\u00e6li um, a\u00f0 skattar ver\u00f0i ekki lag\u00f0ir \u00e1 nema me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum. F\u00f3lst \u00ed \u00feessu bann vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 l\u00f6ggjafinn framselji skattlagningarvaldi\u00f0 til stj\u00f3rnvalda. Landb\u00fana\u00f0arr\u00e1\u00f0herra lag\u00f0i \u00e1 33,3% skatt \u00e1 grundvelli laganna um kjarnf\u00f3\u00f0urgjaldi\u00f0. Framlei\u00f0andi, sem gert var a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a \u00feennan skatt, bar m\u00e1li\u00f0 undir d\u00f3mst\u00f3la. Bygg\u00f0i hann \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 hi\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka framsal \u00e1 valdi til skattlagningar, sem f\u00f3lst \u00ed l\u00f6gunum um kjarnf\u00f3\u00f0urgjaldi\u00f0 st\u00e6\u00f0ist ekki stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1na. H\u00e6stir\u00e9ttur hafna\u00f0i \u00feessum sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0um, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra fyrir \u00fev\u00ed nokkur efnisleg r\u00f6k a\u00f0 heiti\u00f0 g\u00e6ti. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed var einnig byggt \u00ed m\u00e1linu, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 skattlagninguna v\u00e6ri m\u00f6nnum mismuna\u00f0 \u00e1 tvennan h\u00e1tt. \u00cd fyrsta lagi leg\u00f0ist skatturinn mj\u00f6g \u00feungt \u00e1 b\u00fagreinar, sem notu\u00f0u kjarnf\u00f3\u00f0ur miki\u00f0 til framlei\u00f0slu sinnar (kj\u00faklingar, egg, sv\u00edn) en l\u00e9tt \u00e1 a\u00f0rar (svonefndar hef\u00f0bundnar greinar). \u00cd annan sta\u00f0 st\u00e6\u00f0ist ekki \u00fea\u00f0 millif\u00e6rslukerfi sem komi\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1 f\u00f3t, \u00fear sem heimila\u00f0 var a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0stafa innheimtum skatti aftur til framlei\u00f0enda, ekki s\u00edst \u00feeirra sem framleiddu s\u00f6mu afur\u00f0ir en me\u00f0 meiri tilkostna\u00f0i. M\u00e1li\u00f0 var d\u00e6mt, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 viki\u00f0 v\u00e6ri einu or\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00feessum m\u00e1lflutningi framlei\u00f0andans. Var\u00f0 ekki betur s\u00e9\u00f0 en d\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn hafna\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 veita borgurum \u00fe\u00e1 vernd fyrir skattheimtu sem stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1in kva\u00f0 \u00e1 um. Vi\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarsr\u00e1rbreytingar 1995 voru \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i styrkt til hagsb\u00f3ta fyrir borgara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gengismunur<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00deann 27. ma\u00ed 1983 var gengi \u00edslensku kr\u00f3nunnar fellt um 14,6%. Um lei\u00f0 voru sett l\u00f6g, \u00fear sem svo var m\u00e6lt fyrir, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 skil til banka \u00e1 gjaldeyri fyrir \u00fatfluttar sj\u00e1varafur\u00f0ir, sem framleiddar v\u00e6ru fyrir 1. j\u00fan\u00ed 1983, skyldi taka af honum 10% \u201egengismun\u201c og f\u00e6ra \u00e1 reikning \u00e1 nafni r\u00edkissj\u00f3\u00f0s \u00ed Se\u00f0labankanum. R\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin skyldi kve\u00f0a n\u00e1nar \u00e1 um, til hva\u00f0a afur\u00f0a \u00feetta t\u00e6ki. \u00dea\u00f0 var gert og voru sumar sj\u00e1varafur\u00f0ir skattlag\u00f0ar en a\u00f0rar ekki, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt v\u00e6ri hva\u00f0a sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 l\u00e6gju \u00fear til grundvallar. Ekki var gefin \u00fat regluger\u00f0 um \u00feetta; a\u00f0eins br\u00e9fleg tilkynning fr\u00e1 r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn til Se\u00f0labanka. Og r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin skyldi samkv\u00e6mt l\u00f6gunum r\u00e1\u00f0stafa f\u00e9nu \u201e\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegsins og sj\u00f3\u00f0a hans\u201c. Engar reglur voru settar um \u00feessa r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6fun og var f\u00e9nu r\u00e1\u00f0stafa\u00f0, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 s\u00e9\u00f0 yr\u00f0i hva\u00f0a sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 r\u00e9\u00f0u. \u00c1rum saman h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 sett svipu\u00f0 l\u00f6g vi\u00f0 gengisfellingar. Fyrirt\u00e6ki \u00e1 Bakkafir\u00f0i framleiddi blautverka\u00f0an saltfisk og skrei\u00f0 til \u00fatflutnings, en r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin skattlag\u00f0i \u00feessar afur\u00f0ir. Fyrirt\u00e6ki\u00f0 vildi ekki una \u00feessu og h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0i m\u00e1l gegn \u00edslenska r\u00edkinu til endurheimtu \u00e1 skattinum. Bygg\u00f0i m\u00e1lss\u00f3knin me\u00f0al annars \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 valdframsali\u00f0 til r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnarinnar v\u00e6ri v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kara en stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1in heimila\u00f0i, auk \u00feess sem me\u00f0 skattlagningunni v\u00e6ri broti\u00f0 gegn jafnr\u00e6\u00f0i manna gagnvart skatti. Skatturinn v\u00e6ri \u00feannig a\u00f0eins lag\u00f0ur \u00e1 framlei\u00f0endur sj\u00e1varfangs en ekki til d\u00e6mis i\u00f0na\u00f0arvara e\u00f0a eigendur erlends gjaldeyris, en \u00feessir a\u00f0ilar hef\u00f0u l\u00edka haft hag af gengisfellingunni. \u00dear a\u00f0 auki v\u00e6ru ekki allir framlei\u00f0endur sj\u00e1varfangs skattlag\u00f0ir, heldur a\u00f0eins sumir \u00feeirra. H\u00e6stir\u00e9ttur hafna\u00f0i \u00f6llum \u00feessum sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0um. Enginn vi\u00f0h\u00edtandi r\u00f6kstu\u00f0ningur var gefinn fyrir ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0unni. Virtust \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar um vernd fyrir sk\u00f6ttum, a. m. k. \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma, l\u00edtils vir\u00f0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eignarr\u00e9ttur \u00ed forsj\u00e1 sveitarstj\u00f3rna<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eigandi jar\u00f0ar leig\u00f0i hana manni sem n\u00fdtti j\u00f6r\u00f0ina \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 taka s\u00e9r b\u00fasetu \u00e1 henni. \u00cd \u00e1b\u00fa\u00f0arl\u00f6gum voru \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um a\u00f0 landeigendum, sem ekki r\u00e1ku b\u00faskap sj\u00e1lfir, v\u00e6ri skylt a\u00f0 leigja jar\u00f0ir s\u00ednar h\u00e6fum ums\u00e6kjendum. V\u00e6ri fr\u00e1 \u00feessu viki\u00f0 hef\u00f0i sveitarstj\u00f3rn heimild til a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0stafa j\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt sem hagkv\u00e6mastur v\u00e6ri fyrir sveitarf\u00e9lagi\u00f0, eins og \u00fea\u00f0 var or\u00f0a\u00f0. \u00cd l\u00f6gunum voru einnig \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um, a\u00f0 leiguli\u00f0a v\u00e6ri skylt a\u00f0 eiga l\u00f6gheimili \u00e1 \u00e1b\u00fa\u00f0arj\u00f6r\u00f0 sinni. H\u00fas \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0inni, sem fjalla\u00f0 var um \u00ed m\u00e1linu, voru \u00ed ni\u00f0urn\u00ed\u00f0slu og l\u00e1 fyrir a\u00f0 ekki v\u00e6ri unnt a\u00f0 setjast \u00fear a\u00f0 nema me\u00f0 verulegum tilkostna\u00f0i vi\u00f0 h\u00fasbyggingar. Sveitarstj\u00f3rn og jar\u00f0anefnd neitu\u00f0u a\u00f0 sam\u00feykkja byggingarbr\u00e9f um j\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00feessa, en sam\u00feykki \u00feessara a\u00f0ila var \u00e1skili\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00f6gum. Forsendur synjunar voru \u00fe\u00e6r, a\u00f0 leigutakinn hyg\u00f0ist ekki flytja \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0ina. H\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0i sveitarstj\u00f3rnin s\u00ed\u00f0an m\u00e1l me\u00f0 kr\u00f6fu um, a\u00f0 byggingarbr\u00e9fi\u00f0 yr\u00f0i d\u00e6mt \u00f3gilt. Jar\u00f0eigandinn taldi \u00feetta brj\u00f3ta gegn \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r um vernd eignarr\u00e9ttar, \u00fev\u00ed ekki v\u00e6ri einungis veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 banna honum a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfur eign sinni, heldur v\u00e6ri honum einnig skipa\u00f0 a\u00f0 stofna til mikilla \u00fatgjalda vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 byggja upp h\u00fasakost jar\u00f0arinnar, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 l\u00edklegt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 s\u00fa fj\u00e1rfesting yr\u00f0i ar\u00f0b\u00e6r. Meirihluti H\u00e6star\u00e9ttar f\u00e9llst \u00e1 kr\u00f6fu sveitarf\u00e9lagsins og \u00f3gilti byggingarbr\u00e9fi\u00f0. Virtist stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rvernd eignarr\u00e9ttarins ekki virt mikils vi\u00f0 \u00feessa ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Minnihlutaatkv\u00e6\u00f0i um f\u00e9lagafrelsi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00f3nda var gert me\u00f0 heimild \u00ed l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a svonefnt b\u00fana\u00f0arm\u00e1lasj\u00f3\u00f0sgjald, sem var \u00ed reynd f\u00e9lagsgjald til b\u00fana\u00f0arsambands og St\u00e9ttarsambands b\u00e6nda. Hann taldi \u00feetta brj\u00f3ta gegn f\u00e9lagafrelsi s\u00ednu, sem hlyti a\u00f0 fela \u00ed s\u00e9r r\u00e9ttinn til a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfur \u00ed hva\u00f0a f\u00e9l\u00f6gum ma\u00f0ur v\u00e6ri. \u00cd d\u00f3msm\u00e1li, \u00fear sem \u00e1 \u00feetta reyndi, benti hann me\u00f0al annars \u00e1, a\u00f0 \u00feessi f\u00e9l\u00f6g v\u00e6ru \u00ed reynd p\u00f3lit\u00edsk f\u00e9l\u00f6g, sem reglulega \u00e1 fundum s\u00ednum \u00e1lyktu\u00f0u um d\u00e6miger\u00f0 p\u00f3lit\u00edsk \u00e1greiningsefni, svo sem um framlei\u00f0slustj\u00f3rn \u00e1 b\u00fav\u00f6rum me\u00f0 valdbo\u00f0i \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 skatta\u00e1l\u00f6gur \u00e1 a\u00f0f\u00f6ng og framlei\u00f0slukv\u00f3ta. Meiri hluti H\u00e6star\u00e9ttar d\u00e6mdi m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum grundvelli en \u00feessum og \u00feurfti \u00fev\u00ed ekki a\u00f0 taka afst\u00f6\u00f0u til sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0a b\u00f3ndans um f\u00e9lagafrelsi. Tveir d\u00f3marar \u00ed minnihluta fj\u00f6llu\u00f0u hins vegar um \u00feetta og t\u00f6ldu \u00fea\u00f0 standast a\u00f0 leggja f\u00e9lagahelsi \u00feetta \u00e1 b\u00f3nda. Fyrir \u00fev\u00ed h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00feeir engin efnisleg r\u00f6k a\u00f0 heiti\u00f0 g\u00e6ti. S\u00ed\u00f0an \u00feessi d\u00f3mur gekk, hefur margt gerst \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i. Vi\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingar 1995 var \u00feannig sett inn regla, sem beinl\u00ednis verndar r\u00e9tt manna til a\u00f0 standa utan f\u00e9laga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
__________<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dea\u00f0 er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00e1n\u00e6gjuefni fyrir m\u00e1lflytjanda a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 svona breytingar ger\u00f0ar \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni fyrir tilverkna\u00f0 m\u00e1lflutnings hans \u00fe\u00e1gu r\u00e9ttinda sem ekki var fallist \u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00feau m\u00e6tti telja sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00ed r\u00edki sem taldi sig vir\u00f0a mannr\u00e9ttindi. Er svo a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 sumir laganna smi\u00f0ir hafi ekki \u00e1tta\u00f0 sig \u00e1 tilefni \u00fev\u00ed sem framangreind d\u00f3msm\u00e1l g\u00e1fu vi\u00f0 lagabreytingarnar 1995 og er \u00feetta greinarkorn \u00fev\u00ed skrifa\u00f0 til upprifjunar \u00e1 \u00feessu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00f3n Steinar Gunnlaugsson l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00c1 \u00e1rinu 1987 kom \u00fat fyrsta b\u00f3k m\u00edn um framkv\u00e6md d\u00f3mst\u00f3la \u00e1 mannr\u00e9ttinda\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar. \u00cd b\u00f3kinni var sagt fr\u00e1 6 d\u00f3mum H\u00e6star\u00e9ttar, sem kve\u00f0nir h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 upp \u00e1 \u00e1runum 1983-1986, og \u00e1ttu \u00fea\u00f0 sameiginlegt a\u00f0 hafna\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 m\u00e1lflutningi um beitingu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00far mannr\u00e9ttindakafla stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00f6ll m\u00e1lefnaleg r\u00f6k hef\u00f0u m\u00e6lt me\u00f0 \u00feeim. Haf\u00f0i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1021","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1021","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1021"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1021\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1022,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1021\/revisions\/1022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jonsteinar.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}